Cyber-Physical Risk Assessment Framework for A Real-Life Automatic Generation Control Systems

Automatic control technology is an important application of power system intelligence and digitization. Among them, the automatic generation control (AGC) system plays an important role for the stability of frequency. With the application of communication technology for automation of electrical power system, the AGC system has developed into a typical cyber-physical system. Due to the deep coupling between cyber space and physical power grid, disturbances and faults in cyber system may propagate risk across space, posing significant challenges to frequency stability. The traditional physical system risk assessment cannot meet the needs of cyber-physical coupling risk, and the alarm signals from cyber system are difficult to be intuitively and clearly associated with the physical system. This paper proposes an cyber-physical risk assessment framework, which correlates and analyzes the risks of AGC cyber systems and physical systems, and proves the effectiveness of the proposed framework through an example of an actual AGC system in a regional power grid in China.