Loop Electric Dipole Array Antenna with Switchable Endfire Beam

In this paper, a novel loop electric dipole array antenna with switchable endfire beam is designed for ever-increasing demand of multibeam antenna systems. By properly designing the structure of a four-leaf-clover-shaped patch and the positions of two feeding ports, the loop electric dipole array antenna can work in a frequency band with bandwidth of 13.23% (5.3GHz
$6.04 \text{GGz})$
. The maximum gain within the frequency band is 2.80 dBi. The designed planar loop electric dipole array antenna can switch its endfire beam between two azimuthal angles when exciting the two ports individually, which is applicable to radio wave coverage in one-dimensional confined space.