A Low-Profile Circularly Polarized End-Fire Antenna Based on Substrate-Integrated Waveguide Horn

This paper presents a novel circularly polarized end-fire antenna operating in the L-band, designed specifically for personal mobile communication terminals. The antenna utilizes a substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) horn to achieve end-fire radiation. To achieve left-handed circular polarization (LHCP), slots are introduced on the metallic frame of the device. Through simulations, we demonstrate that the designed antenna can achieve LHCP end-fire radiation within the frequency range of 1560–1610 MHz, with an in-band reflection loss better than 6 dB and an axial ratio (AR) better than 3.6 dB. The circularly polarized end-fire antenna exhibits extremely low-profile characteristics and holds great potential for applications in personal mobile communication terminals.