Exploring the optimization of energy management strategy for hybrid ships based on the Grey Wolf optimization algorithm

To address the problem that the traditional fuzzy control strategy relies too much on expert advice and is difficult to cope with reasonable energy distribution under complex working conditions, this study takes the world’s first fuel cell hybrid ferry “FCS Alsterwasser” as the research object and proposes an energy management strategy based on the optimization of Gray Wolf algorithm. A simulation model is established in MATLAB/Simulink to construct the evaluation equations based on the power quality and system efficiency of Li-ion battery, and the instantaneous power balance, energy constraint, energy storage element SOC, and supercapacitor voltage are used as constraints to optimize the subordinate degree function of fuzzy control input and output using the Gray Wolf algorithm. Compared with the traditional fuzzy control strategy, the simulation results based on the typical working conditions show that the optimized composite energy storage system has reduced grid fluctuations when the working conditions change, and the lithium battery SOC value is basically kept near the ideal value of 0.75, and the service life is greatly improved. The feasibility of this study is verified. The proposed algorithm prolongs the service life of energy storage components, suppresses the fluctuation of bus voltage, and improves the quality of electrical energy.