Minimizing Power Loss in Distribution Networks by placing Electric Vehicle Charging Stations using Particle Swarm Optimization

This paper demonstrates a method for obtaining minimum power loss in a distribution network by determining the location of electric vehicle charging stations (EVCs) using particle swarm optimization (PSO). In this study, the IEEE 33 bus distribution network is used as a reference for the installation of 5 EVCs. The IEEE 33 bus network is divided into 5 areas. Each area contains 1 EVCs. Each EVCs has a capacity of 22 cars. Each EVCs has 3 types of chargers, namely 15 chargers at level 1 with a maximum capacity of 105 kW, 5 chargers at level 2 with a maximum capacity of 110 kW, and 2 chargers at level 3 with a maximum capacity of 120 kW. The power loss is obtained through power flow analysis. Power flow analysis was used to compare EVCs placed randomly and when optimally placed with PSO. Based on the simulation results, the optimal installation location for EVCs can reduce the power loss by 0.040 MW.