Does the Spatial Distribution of Connected Vehicles Affect Traffic Control Efficiency?

The deployment of C-ITS and Connected Vehicles (CVs) in traffic induces a wide variety of connectivity and cooperativeness levels among road users. In this context, there is a need to anticipate the different deployment phases by developing and providing efficient traffic control strategies in mixed traffic flow. Dynamic or Variable Speed limit (VSL) is a popular strategy used to moderate traffic heterogeneity and reduce the impact of shockwaves on traffic safety. Thus, we developed a sensitivity analysis framework and applied to evaluate and compare the resilience of two distinct VSL strategies to the temporal and spatial distribution of CVs. It is highlighted that the uniform spatial distribution of CVs in the flow facilitates the control, while strategies targeting a subset of CVs help achieve more resilience towards the market penetration rate.