Self-Assembled Deep Ultraviolet Rhodium Nanogap Antenna to Enhance Single Protein Autofluorescence

The study of individual proteins in their natural state without the use of fluorescent labels is vital for gaining a comprehensive understanding of their behavior and function in vivo. However, traditional fluorescence labeling methods can alter the structure and function of proteins, leading to inaccurate data. To overcome this limitation, our team has developed a revolutionary label-free detection platform for single proteins in the ultraviolet (UV) range. This platform utilizes the natural UV autofluorescence of proteins and relies on a new optical horn antenna design, which allows for unprecedented resolution and sensitivity. While the current technology is state-of-the-art, it still has limitations, such as a limited enhancement of photon count rate of 10–15 times higher than confocal [1], [2]. To achieve even greater enhancement, we are exploring the use of rhodium cube gap antenna self-assembled using capillary-convective forces inside a rectangular zero-mode waveguide.