An Analysis of Width Feedline of Ice Cream Cone Antenna in 5G Technology for Internet of Things (IoT) Applications

This paper presents an analysis, fabrication, and design of a low-profile ice cream cone antenna, which serves as a component of an IoT communication system, specifically for 5G applications. The resonance frequency is targeted at 3.5 GHz, and the antenna dimensions are 45 mm x 30 mm. Constructed on an FR4 substrate with a dielectric thickness of 1.6 mm and a dielectric constant (ɛr) of 4.3, the antenna's performance is evaluated by exploring the impact of varying the rectangle's length parameter. The antenna is intended to operate within the 2 GHz to 5 GHz spectrum and will undergo simulation using CST Microwave Studio. Leveraging the concept of UV-printed antenna manufacturing, this design aims to reduce production costs, weight, and overall dimensions while maintaining functionality. Combining circular, triangular, and rectangular patches, the antenna's effectiveness is assessed based on various parameters, including the S parameter, antenna gain, pattern radiation, directivity, and efficiency. To ensure favorable return loss characteristics, the S11 value of the proposed antenna must be below -10 dB.

I. Introduction (Heading 1)

The IoT communication system relies heavily on the integration of 5G antennas, which are considered essential components due to their increased reliability compared to 4G antennas. To evaluate the performance of these antennas, simulations using CST studio software are conducted, measuring crucial parameters such as return loss, gain, direction, and radiation pattern. Among the various antenna types employed in 5G applications, the microstrip patch antenna stands out for its efficiency and ability to deliver optimal performance [1]–[5]. Notably, this antenna design exhibits impressive results in terms of radiation pattern, antenna gain, directivity, and return loss, further solidifying its suitability for 5G deployments within the IoT communication system.