Hardware Implementation of Range Migration Algorithm for Synthetic Aperture Radar Based on FPGA

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging systems are integral to the fields of civil security inspection and military warfare. However, these systems are limited by stringent constraints such as power consumption, volume, cost, and weight, leading to a reduction in their flexibility and applicability. To mitigate these challenges, a novel hardware implementation of the two-dimensional range migration algorithm (RMA) utilizing field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) is proposed in this paper. The test results show that the system can process complex data of size 256×256 with data type of 32 bits in just 3.18ms at a clock frequency of 100MHz, which is about 1000 times faster than that with MATLAB while preserving the same image quality.