A Gravity-controlled Circularly-polarized Reconfigurable Antenna Based on Liquid Metal Coplanar Waveguide

This paper proposes a lowcost circular polarization (CP) reconfigurable antenna (RA) based on the coplanar waveguide (CPW). The composition of the RA includes a liquid metal EGaln alloy. The conversion of the operating frequency band of RA is achieved through gravity control. Under the action of rotation, liquid metal flows into different glass spaces, forming different radiation structures. The simulation results show that RA can achieve two reconfigurable states: when RA rotates 90 degrees counterclockwise along the x-axis (state I), the relative bandwidth (10-dB return loss) is 14.8% (4.25 ~ 4.94GHz), and the center frequency return loss is -15.6dB. When the RA rotates 90 degrees clockwise along the x-axis (state II), the relative bandwidth (10-dB return loss) is 18.4% (3.88 ~ 4.60 GHz), and the return loss at the center frequency is -23.3 dB. The RA has good circular polarization effect in the 5G communication frequency band, and is of great significance in reconfigurable related applications.