Guideline on using Extra Low Voltage DC in Supplying LED Lights for Construction Sites

The extra-low voltage DC (ELVDC) is introduced for lighting systems in buildings and industrial environments as a substitute for the conventional AC distribution system. The transmission voltage level in the power bus of the ELVDCs is normally equal to 12V, 24V, and 48V. The selection of optimal voltage levels with respect to the lighting and safety standards has been a debating issue amongst consumers and manufacturers. This paper aims in providing a general guideline for the selection of the ELVDC system voltage level in different environments. This study focuses on the loss, efficacy, and total cost of the utilization of the ELVDCs with different voltage levels. The preparation of the emergency lighting using centralized and decentralized battery systems is another important factor that must be considered in ELVDC selection. The advantages and disadvantageous of these battery systems are discussed to determine the optimum type of ELVDC emergency condition supply.