Impact of Electric Vehicle Charging on Voltage and Current Harmonics at the Point of Common Coupling

Under the future low greenhouse emissions goal, many countries are moving toward substituting Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) vehicles with Electric Vehicles (EVs). Mass EVs charging introduces various issues to the power grid, such as adverse harmonic impact. This paper aims to investigate the voltage and current harmonics impact produced by multiple EVs charging. An in-depth analysis of the third current harmonic presented in this study reveals that almost at any power level, the normal distribution can be assumed for the measured third current harmonic, excluding the third harmonic distortion associated with 50 to 75 percentiles of the peak power. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that low active power generally corresponds to low TDD, while high required power only sometimes implies a high TDD. Lastly, a potential topology of the power conversion from ac to dc was proposed based on the harmonics spectra.