Modeling and Analysis of Transient Overvoltage due to Reclosing of Distributed Energy Resources

With the inclusion of renewable energy sources in the electricity grid, micro-grid and distributed generation (DG) concepts have come to the fore in feeding local loads. Inverter technologies are used to convert the direct current (DC) produced by energy sources such as photovoltaic (PV) to alternating current (AC) and to provide grid integration. However, sometimes inverters (because of their non-detection zones, speeds, etc.) cannot detect the island mode during reclosing at the breaker. Such a situation could damage utility equipment and the distributed generator itself. Therefore, in the control hardware in the loop (CHIL) simulation study, the effect of 180-degree out-of-phase closure on utility and customer equipment was investigated according to line distance and location of the load. The simulation study was carried out in real-time.