A New 3-D Stepped Frequency SAR Signal Modeling and Imaging of Moving and Stationary Targets

In the present work synthetic aperture radar (SAR) three-dimensional (3-D) geometry and kinematics of a scenario with a stationary and moving targets is discussed. A new SAR signal model with stepped frequency modulation is derived. Distance vector equations that define SAR, stationary and moving object positions are defined. The stationary scene is depicted in a 3-D coordinate system of observation. A phase correction of higher order is applied to improve images of stationary and moving objects is developed. The SAR image reconstruction procedure includes a higher order phase correction, a cross correlation range compressed technique and inverse Fourier transform azimuth compression. To illustrate the SAR signal model and image reconstruction algorithm, a numerical experiment is carried out.