Multibeam 5G Conical Leaky-Wave Antenna Based on Holographic Technique

This article presents the synthesize process for a holographically inspired multi-beam conical antenna. The proposed antenna comprises of grounded conformal hexagonal unit cells printed on a Rogers RT6002 substrate with a thickness of 60 mils. The Eigen mode solver of CST software with planar approximation is used to calculate the surface impedance of the unit cells. Each unit cell's periodicity and dimension increment ratio along the cone's edge is 1.005. Moreover, for 5G telecommunication applications, the operation frequency of the antenna is assumed 26 GHz. The surface reference wave is generated by feeding from the edge of the antenna structure with a conical wave front. The direction of the triple object beams can be chosen arbitrarily, which are assumed φ
i
= (2i-1)π/3 and θi=π/2 (i=1,2,3) in the design process, respectively. The overall electrical area of the hologram plane is about 9.5 λ02. The gain of each beam and the antenna's efficiency are 14.5 dBi and 0.83, respectively.