Design and Performance Analysis of Various 4-bit B2G Code Converter Implemented in QCA Technology

CMOS technology has reached to its extent in terms of its physical parameters. QCA is an emerging and appropriate alternative for the CMOS technology as it overcomes its size limitation and has other beneficial features like faster computation, less power usage and faster switching frequency. Thus, in this paper, three distinct XOR gate designs are implemented in the QCA tool in this research. The first design does not have any crossover, whereas remaining designs are based on crossover concept. Under crossover approach, both co-planar and multi-layer types have been used for XOR implementation. Furthermore, the XOR gates are utilised to implement a 4-bit binary-to-gray (B2G) code converter. In comparison to other designs, it has been found that a 4-bit B2G code converter constructed using an XOR gate incorporating multilayer crossover consumes fewer QCA cells. Thus this design is more efficient, compact and uses the same numbers of clocks as used in other deigns. The design uses 90 QCA cells with the total area of 0.12μm
²
, having 0.75 clock cycle delay.