A Review of the Key Points of the Combined Cooling, Heating and Power System Development for the Medical and Nursing Integrated Buildings

As global aging intensified, the institutions integrated the medical and old-age care came into being. Based on the review and analysis of the background and development trend, this study drew the conclusion that the energy co-supply system for the medical and nursing complex may face the problems of low thermal efficiency, serious residual heat waste, high carbon emission, and poor economy and stability. The design of the low-carbon energy co-supply system in the active and passive combined building complex was proposed based on the integration of solar energy, membrane distillation and Vehicle to Building (V2B) technology. A multi-level optimization model of the system was established and finally the system comprehensive performance was improved including the thermal efficiency, stability and economy. A multi-dimensional optimization model of the energy management mechanism of the new low-carbon co-supply system was proposed to achieve the multi-dimensional consistency evaluation of the system's energy management. This study will be a theoretical and practical innovation of the new co-supply system for medical and nursing buildings, and will realize the high energy efficiency operation, economic scheduling and energy cascade utilization of the combined cooling heating and power (CCHP) system for medical and nursing buildings under the concept of low carbon.

I. Introduction

Since the 20th century, many parts of the world have experienced a trend of low birth rate, low death rate and low population growth. About 100 countries and regions have entered the stage of population aging one after another. Global aging has become a common trend in the development of human society. The World Social Report 2023 said the numbers of people aged 65 and over are expected to be more than double to 16 percent by the middle of the century and 23 percent by the end of the century. China has also entered an “aging society”, with the proportion exceeding 14% in 2021. By the end of 2021, more than 190 million elderly people in China are plagued by chronic diseases, and about 40 million elderly people suffer from disability or partial disability [1]. The demand for long-term cares of the elderly increases, while the decentralization of care leads to the low efficiency of primary cares for the elderly [2], [3].