Insights into Design and Optimization of Frequency Selective Surfaces through Parametric Analysis for Enhanced Performance in Wireless Communications

In this paper, we present a parametric analysis of an FSS using the electromagnetic simulation software CST. Our results show that the FSS performance is highly dependent on the design parameters and that careful tuning can lead to significant improvements in performance. The reduction in length of the meander line results in a corresponding decrease in the size of the circuit, making it more compact and efficient. An ultra-miniaturized and compact single layer with single band pass FSS structure is proposed and simulated with various dimensions using meander lines. The analysis of a proposed Swastik-shaped Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) structure exhibits a resonant frequency of 3.4 GHz and a return loss of - 29.60 dB. It demonstrate that FSS 4 exhibits angle insensitivity, as the resonant frequency remains constant at 3.4 GHz with a return loss of -30.29 dB across different angles of 0°, 15°, and 30°. Additionally, the analysis confirms that the Swastik-shaped structure of FSS 4 is also polarization insensitive. The results of the simulation shows that the proposed FSS (Frequency Selective Surface) is subjected to an incident angle for 0°, 15°, 20°, 30°, 40°, 45°, 60° with both TE and TM polarizations, the frequency shift is not as much of 1% in resonant frequency. A 3.4 GHz FSS can be used to design frequency-selective surfaces that can selectively absorb or reflect radar waves. The simulation results shows that the proposed FSS has a very small frequency shift when subjected to different incident angles and polarizations.