Effect of Nonuniform Electron Beam Generated by Electron Gun on Output Performance of Helix TWT

The distribution parameters of electron beam have an important influence on the TWT interaction. To be more in line with the actual situation, the distribution of the electron beam generated by the electron gun is analyzed. According to the distribution of the energy and density of electron beam, the concentric rings of electron beams model is built, which simplifies calculation and contains information on electron beam. Based on the model, a nonuniform electron beam is obtained. The output power, gain and SNR are calculated. Through simulation analysis, the results show that nonuniformity leads to a decrease in the maximum output power, as well as a decrease in the gain and SNR.