An X-band Relativistic Triaxial Klystron Amplifier Towards Repetitive Phase-Locked High Power Microwave Generation

An X-band relativistic triaxial klystron amplifier is designed for the sake of operating in repetitive high power and long pulse mode. To address the issues of anode plasma and radio-frequency breakdown, a novel output cavity operating in hybrid TM
01
- TM
02
modes is particularly designed, which allows extracting microwave inwards with high power capacity and achieving the external quality factor required for optimal beam-wave interaction. A microwave of 2 GW at 9.375 GHz is generated with an efficiency of about 36%. Moreover, anode plasma due to collector erosion under repetitive high power operation can be suppressed by reducing the deposited energy density and incorporating external cooling.