Efficient Waveform Design Based on Regional Energy Focusing for Precision Electronic Warfare

The current method to design the waveform usually adopts the transmit beamforming technique, which forms the main lobes and nulls in the specific range of two-dimensional directions. However, the performance of this method in controlling energy needs to be improved in three-dimensional scenarios. In this case, this paper mainly focuses on one of its typical applications: precision electronic warfare (PREW), and an efficient waveform design algorithm is proposed to control the energy distribution precisely in the three-dimensional spatial domain. First, we establish a minimax mathematical model for the precise energy control problem in the three-dimensional spatial domain. Then, the covariance matrix of the unimodular waveform is solved by maximizing the minimum energy in the intended region, while the maximum energy in some regions is constrained to a specific level. Finally, the available unimodular waveform is obtained by recovering the covariance matrix of the waveform via Riemannian Conjugate Gradient (RCG) algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method has better performance in controlling the energy in the spatial domain, and the lower computational complexity is achieved compared to the existing methods.