Requirements for On-Board Radar Antennas to Reduce False Detections of Arctic Clouds Due to the Presence of Re-Reflections from the Earth's Surface

The use of unmanned aircraft in polar latitudes during search and rescue operations in difficult weather conditions also requires ensuring flight safety at low altitude. The correct assessment of the radar reflectivity of clouds and the Doppler spectrum of the reflected signal depend on the radiation patterns of antenna systems that are formed from a radiating surface of a small area. Powerful reflections along the side lobes of the directional pattern can lead to false detections of dangerous weather conditions for flight, and a drop in the directional coefficient can reduce the time for early detection of thunderstorms, turbulence or wind shear. In the recommendations for the development of on-board weather locators, there are no instructions on the minimum parameters of directional patterns for cases of their operation in Arctic conditions. This work is devoted to the preliminary assessment of these requirements, as well as the search for new recommendations for the technical implementation of weather radar antennas.