A Survey of Bi-directional DC-DC Converters for Transportation Electrification and Microgrid Applications

Concern for the environment and dwindling fossil fuel resources has increased the attention towards sustainable alternatives by governments, industries, and consumers. This has resulted in an increased emphasis on transportation electrification and renewable energy systems. Bi-directional DC-DC converters find their applications in various fields of transportation electrification like electric vehicles, more-electric aircraft, and all-electric ships. It also finds extensive use in microgrids for interfacing renewable energy storage systems to the supply bus and load. This paper presents a review of various bidirectional DC-DC converter topologies that can be used in these applications. Among the converters reviewed, the dual active bridge converter is simulated in MATLAB and the results are obtained.