Wormhole Detection using Zonal Security Nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks, or WSNs, are selfconfigured, spatially distributed, large-scale networks composed of small-sized devices called sensors. These networks are deployed primarily in hostile or remote environments where monitoring is required either for critical observation or security purposes. These networks hold a wide range of applications in sectors including medical, military, environmental, industrial, infrastructural, and many more. Data security is one of the primary concerns in these networks, as they use the common medium of air for transmission. Wormhole attacks have been a constant challenge to WSN and disrupt routing in the network. We present an overview of WSN and propose an algorithm based on packet leashing and ZRP that employs specialized nodes to detect and alert the presence of a wormhole in the network.