Artificial Magnetic Conductor based Composite substrate Antenna for Low Frequency Wireless Underground Sensor Networks

In the current era of Wireless Internet of Things, developing low frequency planar antennas for underground communication is a challenging task. For underground electromagnetic wave propagation, low frequencies in the range of 300 MHz to 900 MHz are optimal. As the frequency drops, the size of the planar antenna grows, making design more difficult. This paper describes a planar antenna with shorting vias and an airAMC composite substrate that operates at 385 MHz and has a peak gain of 1.3 dB. This study lays the groundwork for the development of low frequency planar antennas with positive gain and a comparably compact construction.