Energy-Grade Double Pricing Mechanism for a Combined Heat and Power System Using the Asynchronous Dispatch Method

The problem of heat and electricity pricing in combined-heat-and-power (CHP) systems regarding electricity’s and heat’s time scales, as well as thermal energy quality is studied. Based on the asynchronous coordinated dispatch of CHP system, an energy-grade double pricing mechanism is proposed. Under the pricing mechanism, resulting merchandise surplus of heat system operator (HSO) at each heat dispatch interval can be decomposed into interpretable parts and its revenue adequacy can be guaranteed over all heat dispatch intervals. And the electric power system operator (ESO)’s resulting merchandise surplus is composed of non-negative components at each electricity dispatch interval, also ensuring its revenue adequacy. In addition, the effects of different time scales and co-generation are analyzed in different kinds of CHP units’ pricing.