A Review of Factors Affecting Cognitive Load in Immersive Virtual Learning Environment

Immersive virtual learning environment have great potential for application in education by virtue of its unique advantages. However, the complex information elements in immersive virtual learning environment are more likely to distract learners' attention, leading to higher cognitive load in learning process compared to traditional environment, which would reduce learners' interest and motivation. According to Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning (CTML), cognitive overload is detrimental to learners' internalization and transfer of knowledge. To reduce and optimize cognitive load, we must first know what exactly affect cognitive load. In this study, systematic literature review was used to figure out the factors that affect cognitive load in immersive virtual learning environment. For the presentation of results, this study reported the factors from three dimensions: learner, instructional design, and environmental design. This study further discussed how these factors affect cognitive load and the possible interaction between them. In addition, we gave practical suggestions from three perspectives: learners, educational implementers, and environmental designers. And a series of suggestions for future research are given at last, which hope to provide some avenues to explore.