Multiple Circular Ring-canals on the Starfish Routing Backbone in Wireless Sensor Networks

To capture real-time data from Wireless Sensor Network Applications, utilizing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is becoming popular for minimizing end-to-end latency and reducing packet loss issues with extended network lifetime. Existing works in the literature are either limited by using a static sink or ground vehicle-supported mobile slink. In this paper, we introduce Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) as mobile sinks moving around multiple circular ring canals on the basic starfish routing backbone (bSFR). We also develop generalized mathematical equations for determining an optimal number of ring canals required for a terrain with certain width and length along with their radii. The results of experiments carried out in Network Simulator version 2 (NS2) depict that the proposed routing model significantly improves the performances in terms of end-to-end latency and network lifetime.