Analysis of the Effect of Multiplicative Noise on the Patterns of Phased and Synthesized Antenna Arrays

The influence of multiplicative noise on the directional patterns of phased and synthesized antenna arrays is analyzed. Multiplicative noise is regarded as a source of fast phase and amplitude distortion of signals received or radiated by the antenna. It is shown that multiplicative noise changes the multiplier of the array. Expressions of the directional pattern of the phased array exposed to multiplicative noise are obtained, taking into account the aperture distribution of phasing errors, as well as a generalized directional pattern of the array with phase shifters. The features of arrays with delay lines are described, and an expression for determining the directional pattern of such arrays is obtained. The features of synthesized antenna arrays are considered. The directional pattern of a focused antenna array under the influence of multiplicative noise is analyzed. Expressions for the directional pattern are obtained taking into account the time of the relative delay of signal reception relative to the central element of the array. It is shown that the obtained expressions for the phased antenna array and the array with phase shifters are also valid for synthesized antenna arrays.