Implementation of the Internet of Things Technology in the Smart Power Grid

Pollution and climate change are two outcomes of the ever-increasing energy consumption that has accompanied the rise in urbanization and the overall human population; moreover, the current power grid cannot keep up with the rising electrical demand of recent decades. Relying on renewable energy sources is often cited as a way to address these issues as of late. Yet, the limitations of the existing power infrastructure render it impossible to implement solutions such as increasing the use of RE sources and optimizing energy consumption. A multitude of problems can be tackled by implementing the smart grids (SGs), but there are obstacles to their widespread adoption, such as security concerns, that can be addressed by employing cutting-edge technology like the Internet of Things (IoT). By increasing the effectiveness of energy systems and the utilization of renewable energy sources, IoT can be utilized to reduce the environmental impacts of energy consumption. From local to wide-area networks, IoT-enabled smart networks can improve performance in a variety of ways, including security, resource conservation, and cost savings. This paper will discuss the requirements for enabling the Internet of Things in SGs, the applications of IoT in SGs, standardization and protocols for implementation, and its challenges will be reviewed further.