Adaptive integral velocity sliding mode control approach-based optimal AGWO-IMC-PID controller design and LFC for LSPS

This work develops an optimal AGWO IMC PID controller and derating using AGWO (Adaptive Gray Wolf Optimization Algorithm) for load frequency control (LFC) of high-power systems using model approximation methods. An ideal low-dimensional model (ROM) of the studied large-scale energy system is identified by reducing the integral squared error (ISE) between step responses, a performance parameter used to quantify performance. Lyapunov stability theory produces strong linear matrix inequalities that guarantee the integrity of the entire energy system. Second, the LFC design is done using an optimized ROM rather than a high-power grid concept. AGWO’s new IMC-PID controller architecture improves power system dynamic stability by providing excellent reference input tracking performance, robust spurious rejection, and improved reference input tracking performance. In comparison to earlier studies, the simulation results clearly demonstrate a significant improvement in the LFC’s reaction to load disturbances and the existence of uncertainties.