I. Introduction
In recent years, the extensive use of permanent magnet motors in high-performance applications such as servo and traction, has replaced conventional asynchronous motor technology. The significant advantage of such a PM motor drive, is reasonably high efficiency even at low power compared to an induction motor. PM motors have come with a high torque/weight ratio and very high-power density, making them a competent entity and a go-to solution in the application of traction/servo, where the dimension of the motor is a constraint. On the flip side, the torque ripple in the PMBLDC motor limits the performance and is a severe concern resulting in unwanted noise and vibration in the machine. This machine comes with three integrated Hall-Effect position sensors, which requires extra mechanical and electrical arrangement. It makes the system more vulnerable and unreliable since it raises the question of what would happen if the position sensor failed.