Planar Array Radiation Pattern Synthesis Using Relative Elements Axial Rotation

Radiation pattern synthesis of a planar antenna array using relative elements axial rotation is proposed to generate broadside flattop or cosecant beams for surveillance, radars, and mobile communications. For a proof of concept, 5 x 5 planar Hertzian dipoles are utilized to synthesize all space-desired radiation patterns over a solid angle ratio of 13.4%. The rotation of each element is adjusted using a built-in MATLAB-based particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique. The deployed algorithm can be extended to include more elements and deploy different radiating elements.