Lesion Isolation from Apple Plant Leaves Affected by Black Rot Disease using Optimized Masking on Various Color Channels

Apples were harvested on 308,000 hectares of land in 2020, according to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, making it one of the most popular fruits in the country. According to the Economic Times, India's Apple imports more than doubled in 2021. Apples can only be grown in select parts of India, such as Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand’ s hills, and Uttar Pradesh's plains. Botryosphaeria obtuse is the fungus that causes Apple black rot. On leaves, infections start as reddish-brown specks that grow into circular brown lesions (4–8 mm in diameter). The segmentation of the Apple black rot disease would benefit greatly from the lesion isolation or masking technique developed thus far in this project. After the ROI has been extracted, further processing can be done in the form of disease categorization, disease stage, correlation between the behaviour of different diseases, and so on. This will aid in the selection of better chemicals, insecticides, fertilisers, and agricultural techniques in general, reducing illness, increasing output, and increasing profit.