Functional Data Analysis: A Meteorological Study Case in North of Ecuador

The present work uses functional data analysis (FDA) and functional principal component analysis (FPCA) to identify the behavior, relationship, and patterns of some meteorological features (temperature and precipitation) in three meteorological stations in Ecuador (Quito, Inguincho, and San Gabriel) from 1988 to 2018. Following FDA and FPCA applications, the temperature and precipitation patterns between 1988 and 2015 were identified. Inguincho, for example, has the highest temperature and precipitation rate due to its high positive value for the first functional principal component. San Gabriel, on the other hand, has the lowest rates due to its high negative value.