A Review of Metamaterial Absorber and its Absorption Techniques

As technological developments continue to be made in the realm of communication, there will be an ever-increasing need for the development of materials and techniques that are capable of effectively reducing the adverse effects of electromagnetic (EM) radiation. Metamaterials are artificial materials that reduce the impacts of EM waves radiation on the environment as communication technology advances. In this article, characteristics of EM absorption by metamaterial absorbers (MAs) and its application for various frequencies have been discussed. This paper contains different techniques for designing of absorber unit cell to achieve a 100
^%
absorber ratio. Major absorption techniques have been reviewed for achieving 100% absorptivity or unity absorption. The various techniques employing different structures, applications, and parameters have been investigated to improve the absorptivity of metamaterial. This should be valuable for the research and development of MAs.