Beam Pattern Estimation of 5G Millimeter-Wave Base Station Based on Radio Map and Multi-Beam Antenna Model at 28GHz

Nowadays, radio maps attract attention for estimating tools of accurate radio propagation. Radio maps require interpolation and extrapolation of the average received power because the data can be obtained, based on measurements. When beam patterns with complex geometry are used, it is important to recognize the exact beam patterns for interpolation and extrapolation. In particular, the antenna patterns of 5G millimeter-wave (mmWave) base stations are formed by multiple beams and are complex. The miss estimation of the complex beam patterns has a significant impact on the accuracy of radio maps. Therefore, this paper focuses on the estimation of beam patterns by radio maps and the definition of the radio maps which are suitable for 5G mmWave base stations. The proposed method estimates the beam patterns based on the line-of-sight measured data of the radio map and the multi-beam antenna model. The emulation results show that it is possible to quantify the beam patterns based on actual measurements and estimate the angle of the base station with an accuracy of about 10 degrees.