Gain and Isolation Enhancement of MIMO Antenna for WLAN Applications

In this paper frequency selective surface (FSS) and defected ground structure (DGS) is used in Multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) Microstrip patch antenna for gain and isolation enhancement for WLAN applications. The FSS structure is used to enhance the isolation from -16dB to -24 dB by utilising its filtering characteristics. The edge-to-edge distance between the antenna element is taken as 0.14
$\boldsymbol{\lambda}_{\mathbf{o}}$
. The gain is improved by 32% and isolation by 50% by using a simple DGS structure. The material used in the design is low-cost FR-4 with dimension
$\mathbf{40}\times \mathbf{35}\times\mathbf{1.6}\mathbf{mm}^{\mathbf{3}}$
. The diversity parameters of the designed MIMO like ECC and DG are calculated as <.0001 and >9.99 which proves the design to be the better candidate for WLAN applications.