Frequency Control in Power Systems via Reduced Order Model Based GADRC Approach with Communication Time Delay

A higher-order power system is prone to deviate from the quality performance due to the frequent load fluctuations, parametric uncertainties in the existing system, variations in the model structure, etc. Because of this, the frequency stability in such power system becomes a prime factor of concern, and an appropriate control strategy must be employed to accomplish the load frequency control (LFC). Since the full order controllers encounter significant computational and structural setbacks, lower order controllers are utilized to investigate the performance of such high-order power systems. In the present study, the reduced order generalized active disturbance rejection control (RDGADRC) approach incorporating the model order reduction technique has been developed and employed for the single area power system. The presented technique inherits the advantages of two well-established GADRC and model order reduction techniques. The efficacy of the proposed technique is authenticated based on the communication delay handling capacity, robustness against parametric variations, and disturbance rejection capability.

I. Introduction

The modern power system has evolved into a highly complex entity because of the rapid advancement in the electric power industry. Various types of equipment for the generation, transmission, and distribution are deployed in different locations, which are interconnected to their surrounding units via transmission lines known as tie-lines. The area frequency and interchange of tie-line power in such a complex network frequently fluctuate due to sporadic changes in power demand, parametric randomness of the system, modeling deficiencies, communication delays, and disturbance caused by changeable environmental scenarios. So, in any transient disturbances such as line trips, faults, or excessive overload, the power system stability is crucial in maintaining synchronism and specified voltage levels. In such a situation, the tie-line power exchange and reliable electrical power generation depend on load frequency control (LFC) [1], [2].