A Critical Inertia of Photovoltaic system with Battery Energy Storage System: experimental microgrid platform study case

Low inertia systems with high penetration of Renewable Energy sources need sophisticated control to ensure frequency stability. Virtual inertia control-based storage systems is used to improve the inertia of the microgrid. However, the selection of the virtual inertia constant will have a crucial contribution in the performance of frequency regulation, more precisely in terms of Rate of change of frequency ROCOF and nadir deviation and even frequency stability of faulty microgrid. To overcome such a problem, this paper proposes a method for determining critical inertia. A limit value of the inertia which makes it possible to operate the microgrid according to the grid code requirements and to avoid the destabilization of the system. For this purpose, a stability analysis, in steady-state and in transient mode according to the variation of inertia, makes it possible to identify the limit values. To verify the efficiency of the proposed algorithm, Simulation under MATLAB environment of the experimental platform Pla-NeTE integrating a BESS system is carried out.