Low-cost Modular Smart Home Controlling System for Minimising Energy Consumption: A Conceptual Study

Internet of Things (IoT) has become one of the popular topics in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) recently. IoT has been widely used in many fields, and one of the most topics that had gained significant interest of many researchers is minimising energy consumption. IoT which is implemented in a wireless, connects multiple devices via the Internet. It allows data to be gathered and transferred without human intervention. In this paper, a new solution is to propose an automatic control of several electrical appliances such as air-conditioners, lights, and fans. These three electrical appliances contribute to the highest energy consumption. This paper aims to contribute to the solution of minimising energy consumption by deploying a low-cost modular system to be installed into readily houses. Thus, it can adapt any old infrastructure to an efficient home. Minimising power consumption has been studied in a smart home but less work deployed Arduino Nano 33 IoT as compared to the existing available Arduino system. Finally, this work is hoped lead to related studies in minimising energy consumption.