A Frequency Reconfigurable Monopole Antenna Diversity for 5G Wireless Communication and IoT Applications

This study discusses a reconfigurable monopole antenna with a low-profile microwave frequency. The proposed structure has a shape like the Christmas tree is printed on an FR4-epoxy substrate with a permittivity of 4.4 and a tangent loss of 0.002 to get the desired results. Between the radiating patches of an antenna are three-pin diode switches that allow it to flip between various operational modes. Mode1 includes single band operation at 4.43 GHz. in Modes 2 and 3, dual band operation at 3.5 and 5.66 GHz, and 3.1 and 5.5 GHz, respectively. Mode 4 tri bands (i.e., 2.9, 5.2, and 5.7 GHz). VSWR (voltage standing wave ratio) is less than 1.4 for all operational bands given by the antenna provided. With matched resonance frequencies, the antenna's efficiency ranges from 73% to 93%, and its gain from 1.39 to 2.57 dBi. From 6.5% to 24.15 %, the bandwidths at the relevant frequencies could be acquired. Computing technology's microwave studio (CST MWS) simulates the proposed structure, which undergoes experimental verification. Because of its small size and compatibility with a wide range of wireless protocols, the proposed antenna may be used in current portable 5G devices and IoT-enabled equipment in intelligence.