MicroRNA and Gene Relationship between Ethnicity and Cancer Stage as Potential Biomarker and Treatment for Lung Adenocarcinoma

Lung Cancer (LC) is the world's most common cancer in the world and has caused numerous deaths worldwide. As the number keeps increasing there are still no effective methods to treat this cancer. MicroRNA (miRNA) is currently one of the promising methods that can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. However, the technology is still in development and there are no further studies that discuss the relation of a particular subtype of LC between race and cancer stage. Therefore, this study was focusing on searching for potential miRNA profiles in Lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD) between race and cancer stage as a potential biomarker and treatment. Knowing the relationship between miRNA and genes in a specific race can help to create a precision population medicine that is expected to be efficient to treat cancer. The TCGA database was used to retrieve the data and R software was used to further filter, classified, and process the data. The aberrant analysis was done using two different R packages (edgeR and DESeq2). For further validation, several other databases and analyses were also done to strengthen the results. The analysis included target gene analysis, mutation analysis, pathway analysis, sensitivity and specificity analysis, and spearman correlation. The results showed three different miRNAs (hsa-mir-486, hsa-mir-184, and hsa-mir-144) can be promising candidates as potential early diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in LUAD. However, wet lab experiments and analyses such as transcriptome profiling need to be done to further validate the results.