Power System Dynamic State Estimation Based on Discretized Nonlinear Differential Algebraic Equation Models

This paper investigates the use of nonlinear differential-algebraic equation (NDAE) models for dynamic state estimation (DSE) of power systems. NDAE models include dynamics of generators in multi-machine systems coupled with power flow equations. Although Numerical integration methods have contributed to solving NDAE models of power systems, NDAEs and the DSE problem have been treated separately in the majority of literature due to the complexity in solving NDAEs. In this paper, we leverage Gear’s and trapezoidal methods to discretize NDAEs. This process combined with readings from phasor measurement units provides a model for DSE formulated as nonlinear least squares. The overall problem is solved using the Gauss-Newton method. The effectiveness and accuracy of the DSE is tested on standard test systems.