Comparison and Classification of VANET Routing Protocols

Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) have become an effective network model for ensuring driver, road, and vehicle safety. These networks allow for vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication. VANET Routing Protocols are essential for communication because they discover and store routes in tables before data is sent. VANET applications require an efficient route protocol to be developed and chosen. As a result, this paper presented a comparative study of routing protocols to aid in understanding their performance. Moreover, this paper uses machine learning algorithms to identify the type of protocol based on computed performance. This study simulation uses NS-3.The results are presented and thoroughly examined. The result shows that the VANET AODV protocol significantly outperformed others in throughput and low E2E delay results, while OLSR outperformed the others in high packet delivery ratio in some conditions, like varying vehicle numbers and vehicle speed. The machine learning models used to identify the protocol show an accuracy of 97%.