A high gain UWB antenna using parasitic patch for future wireless communication devices

In this article, first a UWB antenna is designed for future wireless communication devices and further a parasitic patch is introduced to enhance the overall antenna gain. The proposed UWB antenna is designed using FR4 substrate with dielectric constant 4.4 and has overall dimension of
$35.5\times 33\times 1.6\text{mm}^{3}$
. The basic structure used is a rectangular patch in which multiple resonating structures along with partial ground is introduced later, to improve antenna results. The proposed antenna covers the frequency range from 3.5 GHz to 18 GHz, therefore providing continuous bandwidth of 14.5 GHz. The reflection coefficient plot of antenna is also uniform and consistent throughout the entire operational band. Initially, the bandwidth obtained was satisfactory but the gain was quite less, therefore a parasitic patch is introduced which enhanced the maximum gain value from 6.4 dB to 8.2 dB and minimum gain value from 1 dB to 3.1 dB. The proposed antenna is designed and optimized using CST microwave studio and further the simulated results are verified with experimental results which are in good agreement.