Research, Design and optimization of smart beamforming Multiple patch antenna for microwave power transfer (MPT) for IoT applications

This work aims to develop the gain of a smart antenna from $4 \times 4$ to multiple patches. In this study, we have developed a sensitive smart switched beam multiple patch antenna systems at the 5.8 GHz frequency. To achieve this system, we first optimized and validated a two-element patch antenna array. To provide the necessary phase shift between the antenna elements to fit the radiation pattern, we have designed and built a smart switching beam antenna based on analog beamforming technology. It is a spatial filtering design using the Butler matrix. To improve the transmission system and increase its ability to serve targets in an optimal and directive way, an intelligent system based on a $4\times 4$ planar Butler array connected to eight patch antennas has been designed. The proposed system has a very high gain of the order of 74.41 dB around the resonant frequency compared to a smart antenna with four patches, whose gain is equal to 17.98 dB.