Obstacles of System-of-Systems

System of systems (SoS) is applied for integrating various existing or newly developed systems to create value that cannot be obtained from the separate substituent single systems. Although there seem to be clear benefits to adopting SoS, integrating the independent substituent systems is not trivial. The existing literature has addressed several obstacles related to SoSs, but these are fragmented over different studies. This paper identifies and describes the obstacles of SoS and adopts a more comprehensive approach. The obstacles have been identified through a domain analysis process and the experiences of industrial projects from different application domains.