I. Introduction
Owing to its particular kind of propagation, high-frequency surface-wave radar (HFSWR) can provide information about both the objects that can be found on the sea surface and the characteristics of the sea itself. The first case usually deals with military applications of HFSWR, while the second case addresses civilian applications, usually in oceanography [1]. Whatever the application, standard issues include range and azimuthal resolutions. The range resolution issue is solved by the use of special waveforms [2]. As for azimuthal resolution, this usually means using more elements to obtain a large array, therefore increasing complexity. Another solution is the use of a multiple-input multiple-output system [3]. This letter presents a simpler yet efficient solution using an existing phased-array radar with few modifications. It is based on the use of a multiplicative receiving array [4]–[6]. Section II will present the theory and its use for HFSWR. Then, an experimental validation with synthetic targets will be described in Section III.