A Fixed-Frequency Beam-Steerable Half-Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide Leaky-Wave Antenna

A single-layer design of a half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) leaky-wave antenna (LWA) possessing fixed-frequency beam steering capability is presented in this communication. The antenna is loaded by series and shunt capacitive tuning elements, providing two degrees of freedom in which its dispersion characteristic can be manipulated. An antenna with a length of 3.25 λ
₀
was implemented using fixed capacitors and experimentally validated. The measurements demonstrate a beam steering range between -31
^°
and +35
^°
at 6.5 GHz. The measured antenna gain is shown to be better than 9.5 dBi with circular polarization.